System Architecture

Weather Data Economy, AI & DePIN

1. 4-Layer Structure

(1) Physical Layer (DePIN) • Observation nodes (temperature, humidity, barometric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, precipitation, solar radiation, etc.) • Solar power, battery, edge computing module • Installation structure/waterproofing/dustproofing, location/altitude, etc. metadata

(2) Network Layer • LTE/5G, LoRa, Wi-Fi, etc. (environment-appropriate communication) • Gateway (aggregation/relay), fault detection and failover

(3) AI & Data Layer • QC (Quality Control), anomaly detection, calibration • Multi-source assimilation (ground observation + satellite + external data) • Nowcasting~short-term forecasting, risk index generation (heavy rain/heatwave/strong winds, etc.) (4) Blockchain & Settlement Layer • Data anchoring (signature/hash/timestamp) • Quality score/reputation/staking-based rewards • Oracle-based event settlement (prediction markets/insurance/water level settlement)

2. Data Flow (Overview)

• The following outlines the core data flow [Node Measurement] -> [Signature/Metadata] -> [Network] -> [QC/Calibration/AI] -> [Data Market/API] -> [Chain Anchoring/Settlement]